Retail supply chain is used for both wholesale flow and direct store delivery.
The following diagram gives an overview of how the buyer and supplier collaborate in this business process. As the business process progresses through its different phases (on the right of the diagram), the parties exchange business documents (the arrows).
The content of each phase is described in more detail below. See General business process model for an overview of GS1 Sweden's methodology.
1 |
Planning
The buyer makes an inventory of his requirements for goods and/or services. |
2 |
Identification
The buyer identifies potential suppliers. |
3 |
Negotiation
The buyer and the supplier conclude a contract for a given selection of products. The contract must be written so that subsequent documents can be exchanged electronically. The exact rules for this must be agreed in an interchange agreement in the form of a separate document or an appendix to the contract. Information such as Trade Item Declarations and price lists is requested. |
4 |
Actualization
In the actualization phase the buyer and the seller fulfil their contractual commitments. Each sub-phase includes collaboration processes which define how the buyer and seller interact. The sub-phases and their collaboration processes are described below.
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Identify basic information
The buyer and seller exchange information necessary for the buyer to be able to place orders in the next sub-phase. This exchange includes four collaboration processes:
»Send delivery and payment information
The details from the contract are input to the buyer's and seller's systems.
»Send party information
The name, address, location number (GLN), etc is sent to the opposite party. This is not part of ESAP 20, but party information is necessary for efficient e-commerce.
»Send trade item declaration
The supplier sends the buyer trade item information with any packaging changes.
»Send price information
The supplier sends the agreed prices to the buyer.
Order/Negotiation
When the buyer requires a product or service, an order is placed. Using the information exchanged in the previous subphase, the buyer and supplier agree the terms and conditions for the order. The collaboration process is:
»Place order
If the parties have agreed to use an orderless process, this part of the business process is not used
Deliver
Delivery is made using the collaboration process:
»Deliver
Pay
Invoicing of the goods or services supplied is made using the collaboration process:
»Invoice delivery
Post-processing
The post-processing phase covers credit of returns and correction of invoice errors.
Correction of invoice errors is made using the following collaboration process:
»Correct payment with credit note (not ready)
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